El argumento para el cobro del gravamen es que las aplicaciones desgastan, con sus operaciones, la infraestructura capitalina.El argumento para el cobro del gravamen es que las aplicaciones desgastan, con sus operaciones, la infraestructura capitalina.

Validan impuesto de 2% a aplicaciones de reparto en CDMX

El pleno de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación (SCJN) resolvió revocar la sentencia recurrida y validar el pago de 2% sobre las comisiones o tarifas que cobren en cada operación las empresas que utilizan plataformas digitales para repartir bienes y servicios.

“En consecuencia, no se trata de un aprovechamiento que viole el principio de igualdad, sino por el contrario, pretende resarcir un daño que generan las empresas que, con su giro de negocios, desgastan la infraestructura de la ciudad, para que los demás habitantes de la Ciudad de México puedan seguir disfrutando del derecho a la ciudad, en su vertiente de movilidad urbana, en un plano de igualdad respecto de tales empresas, pues el aprovechamiento permite a la ciudad regenerar el daño causado”, cita la sentencia.

Ponente del amparo en revisión 681/2022, Lenia Batres Guadarrama expuso que la empresa Uber Portier de México presentó demanda en contra del Congreso, la Jefatura de Gobierno y la Secretaría de Administración y Finanzas, todos de la Ciudad de México, en la que planteó la inconstitucionalidad de la contribución establecida por uso y explotación de la infraestructura de la ciudad en el artículo 307 TER del Código Fiscal de la Ciudad de México.

Las empresas que utilizan plataformas digitales para repartir bienes y servicios, detalló, utilizan la infraestructura urbana para obtener una ganancia, además de que la usan en mayor medida que otros ciudadanos con la finalidad de obtener un lucro de carácter privado.

“El aprovechamiento busca resarcir el desgaste y los daños ocasionados por ese uso para que el derecho a la infraestructura y movilidad urbanas pueda ser disfrutado en forma equitativa por todos los habitantes de la ciudad, como manifiestan las autoridades locales y, por ende, el ingreso analizado (consideramos) no viola el principio de igualdad. Por lo expuesto se propone revocar la sentencia y negar el amparo’’, resumió.

A favor del fallo, Yasmín Esquivel Mossa precisó que la norma impugnada es clara en cuanto a que el aprovechamiento no está a cargo de los repartidores, ni de quienes directamente administran la oferta y entrega de los bienes, sino de los intermediarios que operan las plataformas, por lo que sería contrario a la ley que la recaudación se trasladara a cualquier otra persona diversa a tales intermediarios.

El artículo 307 TER del Código Fiscal de la Ciudad de México establece:

“El aprovechamiento a que se refiere este artículo es intransferible y no estará sujeto a traslación, ni deberá incluirse en el costo total a cargo del usuario, ni cobrarse a los terceros oferentes o a cualquier otro tercero que realice la entrega de paquetes, alimentos, víveres o cualquier tipo de mercancía”.

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